An AC joint injury occurs when the ligaments connecting the collarbone (clavicle) to the shoulder blade are stretched or torn. The acromioclavicular joint is located at the top of the shoulder, where the collarbone meets the shoulder blade. Injury to this joint is known as Acromioclavicular Joint Injury and can cause pain and difficulty moving the shoulder.
AC joint injuries usually occur due to falls directly onto the shoulder, sports injuries, or road traffic accidents. They are common in contact sports such as cricket, football, cycling, and rugby, where a direct impact to the shoulder can damage the ligaments.
Patients may experience pain at the top of the shoulder, swelling, tenderness, and difficulty lifting the arm. In more severe injuries, a visible bump or deformity at the top of the shoulder may appear due to displacement of the collarbone.
Diagnosis is made through a clinical examination by an orthopedic specialist along with imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI scans. These tests help determine the severity of the ligament injury and joint displacement.
Treatment depends on the grade of the injury. Mild injuries can usually be treated with rest, ice, pain medication, and physiotherapy. Severe injuries with significant ligament damage may require surgical stabilization of the AC joint to restore normal shoulder alignment.
Recovery usually involves short-term immobilization with a sling followed by physiotherapy to regain shoulder strength and mobility. Most patients gradually return to daily activities and sports after proper rehabilitation.
The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is located at the top of the shoulder where the collarbone meets the shoulder blade. It helps stabilize the shoulder during arm movements.
Mild AC joint injuries typically heal within 2 to 6 weeks with rest and physiotherapy, while severe injuries requiring surgery may take 3 to 4 months.
In mild injuries, the bump may reduce over time. In more severe cases, a small bump may remain permanently but usually does not affect function.
Surgery is recommended for severe injuries with significant ligament damage and joint displacement that do not respond to conservative treatment.
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